China as an International Lender of Last Resort

Report and dataset on China’s international rescue lending operations in 22 countries between 2000 and 2021

Sebastian Horn, Bradley C. Parks, Carmen M. Reinhart, Christoph Trebesch

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We use rigorous methods, cutting-edge tools, and granular data on international development to answer the question: who is doing what, where, for whom, and to what effect?

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